SharePoint Content Types

Content Type

Content Types are the building blocks of site columns and content types defines the schema of the fields of list item ,Content types helps in reusing the site columns across the site collection, we can create content types and attach these

How to navigate Content Type page

Content types to site columns to create content type navigate to site settings page and click on site content types.

To view the list of available content types of a site collection you can directly navigate to the page "mngctype.aspx"

Content Type scope

Content types can be created based on site collection or inside child site of a site collection

The following shows the lists Ids associated with each type of list/templates of the list

Parent	Name	Id
Item	Document	0x0101
Item	Announcement	0x0104
Item	Task	0x0108
System	Item	0x01
Item	Link	0x0105
Item	Contact	0x0106
Item	Event	0x0102
Folder	Summary Task	0x012004
Document	Picture	0x010102
Folder	Discussion	0x012002
Document	Form	0x010101
Document	Wiki Page	0x010108
Document	Basic Page	0x010109
Document	Master Page	0x010105

Using AvailableContentTypes

If you want to know the avaible content type using code you can use "AvailableContentTypes" SPWeb site = SPContext.Current.Web; // iterate content types for current site and parent sites too foreach (SPContentType myctype in site.AvailableContentTypes) { }

Create content type programmatically

The following code demonstrate how to create content type programmatically

Sample code:

//access the web of the site collection

SPWeb site = SPContext.Current.Site.RootWeb;

//create content type name

string myctypeName = "hey my content test";

//access parent

SPContentType myctypeParent = site.ContentTypes["Item"];

//create content type

SPContentType myctype = new SPContentType(myctypeParent, site.ContentTypes, myctypeName);

//assigned the description and create a group

myctype.Description = "I am doing content type programatically";

myctype.Group = "My Content Type Group";

//Add to site collection

site.ContentTypes.Add(myctype);

Querying Multiple Lists using SPSiteDataQuery

SPSiteDataQuery

SPSiteDataQuery is used to query multiple lists and SPQuery fetches only from single list

Sample code demonstrate

a query that returns events from all calendars

in the current site collection where the end date is later than Current Date

Sample Code:

SPSiteDataQuery query = new SPSiteDataQuery;

query.Query = "<Where><Gt><FieldRef Name='EndDate'/>" +

"<Value Type='DateTime'><Today OffsetDays=\"-1\"/></Value></Gt>

</Where>";

query.Lists = "<Lists ServerTemplate='106' />";

query.ViewFields ="<FieldRef Name='Title' />" ;

query.Webs = @"<Webs Scope='SiteCollection' />";

DataTable table = SPContext.Current.Site.RootWeb.GetSiteData(query);

Working with CAML Queries and SPQuery

CAML Queries

In sharepoint if we want to retrieve the data from Lists we need to use CAML Queries

CAML stands for Collaberative application markup language,which is basically xml format language query style.

To query the list we need to use SPQuery object by creating new object and assigned the CAML query to SPQuery.Query

CAML Query operators

Operator                Description

And                 It will be used to combined the two or more conditions or multiple conditions

BeginsWith      Searches for a string at the beginning of the text field

Contains         Searches for a string within the text field

Eq                Equal to

FieldRef         A reference to a field (useful for GroupBy elements)

Geq              Greater than or equal to

GroupBy       Groups results by these fields

Gt                 Greater than

IsNotNull      Is not null (not empty)

IsNull            Is null (empty)

Join               Used to query across two lists that are joined through a Lookup field

Leq               Less than or equal to

Lt                  Less than

Neq             Not equal to

Now            The current date and time

Or               Boolean or operator

OrderBy     Orders the results of the query

Today         Today’s date

TodayIso    Today’s date in International Organization for Standardization (ISO) format

Where       Used to specify the Where clause of the query 

the following example will list out all the announcements which are not expired till date,we will be fetching all announcements "Title"

Code Sample:

SPQuery query = new SPQuery;

query.Viewfields = @"<fieldref name="Title"><fieldref name="Expires">";

query.Query =

@"<where>

<lt>

<fieldref name="Expires">

<value type="DateTime"><today></today></value>

</fieldref></lt>

</where>";

SPList list = SPContext.Current.Web.Lists.TryGetList("Announcements");

SPListItemCollections items = list.GetItems(query);

Here "items" are announcements title result</fieldref></fieldref>

Using TryGetList in sharepoint 2010

TryGetList in sharepoint 2010

How to get the list directly without looping through SPWeb List collection

There is a Provision in SharePoint 2010 "TryGetList" actually will give the list by passing the list name

Here is sample to demonstrate the "TryGetList"

            SPSite site = new SPSite(SPContext.Current.Web.Url);

            SPWeb currentWeb = site.RootWeb;

            SPList customList = currentWeb.Lists.TryGetList("MyCustomList");

Creating Event Handlers in SharePoint 2010

Using Visual Studio 2010 Creating sharepoint Event Handlers

Sharepoint Event Handlers

There are two types of event receivers are available in sharepoint<br />

1.Synchronous

Synchronous event receiver is also know as before event receivenrs

These events are fired before doing any operations on list

For example

ItemAdding is one event 

ItemDeleting is one more event which is performed on a List Item

2.Asynchronous

Asynchronous events are those which happen after any operation is being performed on list item

For example

ItemAdded,ItemDeleted

actually these are events used for business flow purpose

for example if you want to send an email to the user whenever new item is added to the list

We can implement event receiver for the following

1.List Events

2.List Item Events

3.List Email Events

4.Web Events

5.List Workflow Events

6.Feature Events

 

Steps to create List Item Events receivers

Step 1.Open Visual studio 2010

Step 2.Select the event receiver template as shown in the following figure

Step 3.Select the select which you want to bind the event receiver

Step 4.Visual studio will ask to select which event you need to add as shown in the following figure

Step 5.Click on Finish

I am using a sample of event receiver where i am not allowing the user to delete any item from the list

using Microsoft.SharePoint.Saecurity;

using Microsoft.SharePoint.Utilities;

using Microsoft.SharePoint.Workflow;

namespace EventHandlersSample

{

    public class SimpleDeleteEventHandler : SPItemEventReceiver    {

public override void ItemDeleting(SPItemEventProperties properties)

{

properties.Cancel = true;

    properties.ErrorMessage = "Deleting is not authorized.";

   

}

    }

}

Step 6.Once code is done just press F5 the event receiver will be attached the selected list and you debug

In visual studio 2010 by default it creates a feature for the event handler but if you are using visual studio 2008 we need to create the feature manually

In SharePoint 2010 there is a provision to add our own custom message page instead of using SharePoint default error page.

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